• California State University, Northridge

• KIN 446

PLF Worksheet Week 4

1. Consider the following statements. For each, correct any incorrect information that is false or incorrect. Be

prepared to justify the changes that you make.

a. Adding a phosphate to a molecule or compound is known as dephosphorylation and releases

energy.

b. Direct phosphorylation is also known as oxidative phosphorylation and always occurs within the

mitochondria of cells.

c. As an ATP-producing pathway, glycolysis occurs within the mitochondria of cells and is regulated

by hormone-sensitive lipase.

d. Complete restoration of phosphocreatine (PCr) within muscle cells occurs within 30 seconds and

involves anaerobic metabolism.

e. For every molecule of G6P formed in glycolysis, 4 molecules of G3P are formed, and 6 molecules

of NADH are also formed.

2. Draw the NAD shuttle and explain it:

3. Draw out a timeline of a 25-minute jog at moderate intensity. List the primary energy pathway at each

time frame. List its rate limiting enzyme and one stimulatory and inhibitory modulator.

4. Which of these are associate with fatigue? Select all that apply:

a. Hydrogen

b. Calsequestrin

c. Inorganic Phosphate

d. Glycerol

5. Considering what you have learned so far, why is the 100-meter dash renowned as the gold standard for

peak human speed? (Hint: 100m dash times are roughly around 10 to 12 seconds for elite athletes).

6. How does a decrease in muscles pH affect the rate of both ATP production and hydrolysis? In your answer

specify whether it’s a small decrease or a large decrease.

7. If an athlete is performing low intensity exercise and mitochondria are available does glycolysis need to

occur? If so what speed? Why or why not?