Universiti Teknologi Mara

MEDICAL IM HS242

Abdomen AP Supine AP Erect Lateral decubitus Why such projection? Iliac wings & head of femur are seen bilaterally to each other Air visualized uniformly across the colon Air visualized under the right hemidiaphragm & superior part of colon Air visualized under the right hemidiaphragm & right iliac wing Why abdomen Iliac wings, T11 & symphysis pubis are included Iliac wings, T9 & obturator foramen are included Iliac wings, T9 & right hemidiaphragm are included Correct positioning Correct positioning Left rotation Upper body - Spinous process aligned with midline of vertebral bodies - Distance between pedicles and spinous process is equal on both side - Distance between pedicles and spinous process on the left side is greater than the right side Lower body - Both iliac wings are equal in size - Both obturator foramen are equal in size - Sacrum is centered within pelvic inlet and aligned with symphysis pubis - Left iliac wing is greater - Left obturator foramen is smaller - Sacrum and coccyx are to the right of symphysis pubis To improve - Rotate lower/upper to left/right until both ASISs and shoulder are equal distance to x-ray table - or until MCP(?) is parallel to IR (lateral decubitus