All Saints Episcopal School, Fort Worth

AP PHYSICS 2 123

Work
 Although the term “work” is used frequently to describe a variety of actions, from
someone’s occupation to the amount of effort required to complete a task, it has a very
specific definition in physics.
 Work is ____________________________________________________________.
 We calculate work with the equation _________________.
W Example #1
 Steve applies 50 N of force to a box and pushes it 3 meters. How much work does Steve
do on the box?
 W = ___________________
 Work can be measured in the unit of _________________ or __________________.
W Example #2
 Amy applies all of her force (70 N) to her refrigerator. After pushing for 5 minutes, she
is sweaty and out of breath, but she cannot move the fridge at all. How much work has
she done?
 W = ___________________
 Even though she may feel that she worked very hard, according to the laws of physics,
Amy has done _______________________________________.
Energy
 All work is the result of ____________. Everything in the universe has energy, either
stored and ready to do work, or in the action of _________________ ___________.
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 Potential energy: ____________________________________________________.
 Kinetic energy: _____________________________________________________.
 Total (or _____________________) energy: the combined amount of _____________
and _____________ energy in a system.
Potential Energy
 The amount of potential (stored) energy in an object can be determined using the formula:
____________________________
 PE is the __________________ __________________.
 m is the ____________ of the object
 g is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth (________ m/s/s)
 h is the ___________ above the ground where the object is suspended
PE Example #1
 What is the potential energy of a 1,000-kg roller coaster that is waiting to leave the
loading bay, located 28 m above ground?
 PE = _________________
 The unit for energy is ____________, named after ___________________, a physicist
who studied ___________ and ___________________.
PE Example #2
 Heather and Amy each hold a 1.3-kg book over their heads. If Heather is 1.8 m tall and
Amy is 1.5 m tall, which book has more potential energy?